How to become a software engineer: A step-by-step guide

Software engineers build the tech that runs the world, and we know demand for new tech isn’t slowing down anytime soon (nor is demand for the role). It’s a career that pays well, is remote-friendly, and exposes you to exciting projects across industries and brands. 

Whether you’re switching careers, choosing a path outside of college, or just getting started, there’s more than one way to break in. This guide shows you how to become a software engineer. It starts with learning the skills and getting your first job. But you don’t necessarily need a computer science degree. 

Key points

• You don’t always need a degree to become a software engineer. Bootcamps, self-teaching, and hands-on practice can help get you there. 
• Focus on the core skills first: Learn to code in Python, Java, or JavaScript. Understand data structures, algorithms, and how to use Git. 
• Real projects beat resumes. Build a portfolio that shows how you solve problems and what you’ve built. 
• Gaining experience through internships, freelance work, or open-source contributions can give you a major edge. 
• There’s no one-size-fits-all timeline. Whether it takes months or years, consistency and real-world practice are what count. 

What does a software engineer do?

Software engineers write the code behind apps, websites, and systems you use every day. They’re the builders who turn ideas into digital products, from mobile banking tools to health care software to streaming platforms. But it’s not just typing lines of code. These roles involve problem-solving, testing, debugging, and improving how things work behind the scenes. 

Most software engineers work as part of a larger technical team. That means regular collaboration with designers, product managers, and other developers to plan features, fix bugs, and ship updates. The job requires technical skills, but communication, creativity, and the ability to think about problems from different angles are also musts. 

And while software engineering is one of the most in-demand tech roles, it’s not the only one. If you’re curious about where else these skills can take you, there’s a whole ecosystem of engineering paths worth exploring. 

Steps to become a software engineer

The path you take to becoming a software engineer doesn’t have to look traditional. What matters most is building the right skills, showing what you can do, and knowing how to stand out when it’s time to apply.  

Here’s a step-by-step look at how to go from beginner to job-ready. 

Choose a learning path

There’s more than one way to become a software engineer. No single path is “right.” What matters is picking an option that fits your timeline, budget, learning style, and circumstances: 

• College degree: A computer science degree gives you structure, depth, and a credential many employers recognize. But it takes about four (or more) years and can be expensive. 
• Coding bootcamps: These are fast-paced programs that build job-ready skills in months, not years. They’re intense, hands-on, and often significantly cheaper than college, but you’ll need to be self-driven to keep up. 
• Self-taught: If you’re disciplined and love learning by doing, you can teach yourself via online courses, tutorials, and books. It’s the most flexible (and often cheapest) route, but you’ll have to build your own roadmap—and stick to it. 

No matter which path you pick, consistency is key. The goal is the same, though: Learn the skills and prove what you can do. 

Build foundational skills

Before you dive into building apps or websites, you need a solid foundation. Start with the programming languages employers expect. Python, Java, and JavaScript are three of the most widely used. And they’re beginner-friendly. 

From there, get familiar with data structures and algorithms. These are the building blocks of efficient code and are a favorite topic in job interviews. You’ll also want to learn how to use version control tools like Git, so you can track changes, collaborate with others, and manage your projects like a pro. 

Checking these boxes gives you the tools and conceptual knowledge you’ll use every day in real-world roles. And once you’re comfortable with them, you’ll be ready to start building impactful things that actually work. 

Create real-world projects 

Knowing how to code is great, but companies want to see how you apply your skills. Building your own projects proves you can take an idea and make it work. That’s what hiring managers tend to care most about. 

Start small. Build a to-do app, re-create a popular website, or contribute to an open-source project. What matters isn’t how complex it is. It’s that it works, it’s clean, and it’s yours. 

As you complete projects, create a portfolio. This could be a simple website or GitHub profile where people can see your code and how you think. Bonus points if you include write-ups explaining your decisions. These projects are your proof. They show how you solve problems and what kind of engineer you might become. 

Gain experience

Your experience doesn’t necessarily have to come from a formal full-time position. You just need opportunities that help you learn, build credibility, and show what you can do. 

Start with internships. Even unpaid ones can open doors. 

Freelance projects are another way to get hands-on experience, even if it’s just building a site for a friend or helping a local business. And don’t underestimate the value of hackathons, online coding challenges, or volunteering for open-source projects. Each provides invaluable experience and even helps build your network. 

Every project adds to your story. It fills your resume, strengthens your skills, and gives you something substantive to talk about in interviews. 

Apply and interview for jobs

Once you’ve got the skills and some projects under your belt, it’s time to get serious about landing a role. Start with a clear, focused resume that highlights your technical skills, real-world projects, and any relevant experience—even if it’s freelance or self-taught. Tailor your resume to each job you apply for. 

Next is interview prep. Expect a mix of technical questions (like coding problems or whiteboard problems) and behavioral questions (how you work in a team, how you solve problems). Practicing out loud helps. 

Keep track of where you apply, follow up when needed, and don’t take rejections personally. Each one gets you closer to the right fit. 

How long does it take to become a software engineer?

Unfortunately, there’s no straight answer to how long it takes to become a software engineer. It depends on your starting point and how much time you can put in, but here’s an estimated timeline for the most common paths: 

• Bachelor’s degree: Usually takes about four years, with a mix of theory and hands-on work. 
• Coding bootcamp: Plan for 3–12 months of full-time, immersive learning. 
• Self-taught: This varies the most. With consistent effort, it can take 1–2 years to become job-ready. But it could happen faster if you’ve got a plan and stick to it. 

As far as the best path, there’s no such thing. The right route depends on you—your background, your budget, your learning style. Some thrive with structure, and others prefer to learn at their own pace. What matters most is finishing what you start and showcasing what you’ve learned by applying it to real-world scenarios and projects.  

Ready to start your path toward becoming a software engineer?

Figuring out how to become a software engineer might feel overwhelming, but it doesn’t have to be. You don’t need a computer science degree or a perfect GPA. You do need drive and discipline, though. 

Pick a learning path. Build your skills. Create things that work. Then show the world what you’ve got. 

Ready to see what roles are out there? Explore (and maybe even apply for) software engineering jobs at Intuit today.